fa اثر تمرین تناوبی شدید همراه با مکمل زالزالک بر پروتئین های بیوژنز میتوکندریایی بافت عضلانی موش های صحرایی نر سالمند تغذيه nutrition پژوهشي Research <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span b="" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family:" titr="">سابقه و هدف:</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نشان داده شده است که<b> </b></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">اختلال در عملکرد و بیوژنـز میتوکندریایی عضله ناشی از سالمندی می‌تواند زمینه&shy;ساز بروز بیماری&shy;های مختلف گردد.<b> </b></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">هدف این مطالعه تعیین اثر 8 هفته تمرین تناوبی شـدید (</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt">HIIT</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">) و مصرف مکمل زالزالـک بر </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">بیان </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">پروتئین&shy;های میتوکندریایی </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt">PGC-1&alpha;</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> و </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt">TFAM</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> عضله دراز انگشتان پا (</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt">EDL</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">) در </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">موش&shy;های صحرایی<b> </b></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">سالمند بود.</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span b="" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family:" titr="">مواد و روش</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt">‌</span><span b="" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family:" titr="">ها:</span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">در این مطالعه تجربی، </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">36 </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">سر</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> موش صحرایی نر </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">سالمند به&shy;طور تصادفی در چهار</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> گروه </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(هر گروه 9 سر)</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">کنترل، تمرین، مصرف مکمل و تمرین+ مصرف مکمل (ترکیبی) تقسیم شدند. برنامه </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt">HIIT</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> شامل اجرای 6 تا 9 نوبت یک دقیقه&shy;ای دویدن بر روی نوارگردان با سرعت 16 تا 25 متر/دقیقه و فواصل استراحتی یک دقیقه&shy;ای بین نوبت&shy;ها بود. در طی مداخله، </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مقدار 100 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم وزن بدن در روز عصاره زالـزالک به </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">گروه&shy;های مصرف مکمل و ترکیبی به</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> صـورت گـاواژ داده شد</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">. </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">میزان </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">پروتئین&shy;های </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt">PGC-1</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt">&alpha;</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">و &nbsp;</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt">TFAM</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> در عضله </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt">EDL</span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">با روش وسترن بلات اندازه&shy;گیری شد.</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span b="" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family:" titr="">یافته</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt">‌</span><span b="" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family:" titr="">ها</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt">‌</span><span b="" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family:" titr="">:</span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">میزان</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">پروتئین </span></span><i>&nbsp;</i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt">PGC-1&alpha;</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">گروه ترکیبی در مقایسه با گروه&shy;های کنترل (0001/0=</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt">p</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">)، تمرین (008/0=</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt">p</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">)، مصرف مکمل (0001/0=</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt">p</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">) و در گروه&shy;های تمرین (0001/0=</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt">p</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">) و مصرف مکمل (0001/0=</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt">p</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">) نسبت به گروه کنترل به&shy;طور معنـی‌داری بالاتر بود. هم&shy;چنین میزان پروتئین </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt">TFAM</span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">گروه ترکیبی نسبت به گروه&shy;های کنترل (0001/0=</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt">p</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">)، تمرین (014/0=</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt">p</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">)، مصرف مکمل (0001/0=</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt">p</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">) و گروه تمرین در مقایسه با گروه&shy;های کنترل (0001/0=</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt">p</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">) و مصرف مکمل (0001/0=</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt">p</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">) افزایش معنی‌داری را نشان داد.</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span b="" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family:" titr="">نتیجه گیری:</span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">این یافته&shy;ها نشان می&shy;دهد اجرای </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt">HIIT</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> همراه با مصرف مکمل زالزالک از راه هم&shy;افزایی آثار این دو مداخله، می&shy;تواند افزایش بیشتری در برخی از پروتئین&shy;های درگیر در </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">بیوژنز میتوکندریایی </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ایجاد نماید.</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span></span></span></span> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b>Background and Objectives:<i> </i></b>It has been shown that dysfunction in mitochondrial biogenesis of the skeletal muscles induced by elderly<b> </b>can cause various diseases. The aim of this study was to assess effects of eight weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) with hawthorn (Haw) supplementation on PGC-1&alpha; and TFAM in extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles of elderly<b> </b>male<b> </b>rats.</span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b>Materials and Methods: </b>In this experimental study,<b> </b>36 elderly<b> </b>rats were randomly assigned into the following groups of control (CON), HIIT and Haw as well a combination of the two latter ones (COM, HIIT and Haw). The HIIT program consisted of 6 to 9 1-min bouts of running on a treadmill at a speed of 16 to 25 m/min with 1-m rests between the intervals. During the intervention, rats in Haw and COM groups were fed (roughly 100 mg/kg/body weight) via gavage. The PGC-1&alpha; and TFAM proteins in EDL muscles were assessed using western blot method.</span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b>Results: </b>The<b> </b>PGC-1&alpha; protein in COM group was significantly higher than that in CON (<i>p</i> = 0.0001), HIIT (<i>p</i> = 0.008) and Haw (<i>p</i> = 0.0001) groups and was higher in HIIT (<i>p</i> = 0.0001) and Haw (<i>p</i> = 0.0001) groups than CON group. The TFAM protein increased significantly in COM group, compared to CON (<i>p</i> = 0.0001), HIIT (<i>p</i> = 0.014) and Haw (<i>p</i> = 0.0001) groups. Furthermore, this protein was higher in HIIT group, compared to CON (<i>p</i> = 0.0001) and Haw (<i>p</i> = 0.0001) groups.&nbsp;</span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b>Conclusion: </b>These findings have indicated that combination of HIIT and Haw can cause greater increases in mitochondrial biogenesis proteins.</span></span></span> تمرین تناوبی شدید, زالزالک, PGC-1α, TFAM, عضله اسکلتی High-Intensity Interval Training, Hawthorn, PGC-1α, TFAM, Skeletal muscle 11 18 http://nsft.sbmu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-3236-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 F Saedi فاطمه ساعدی fatemee6383@gmail.com 11500319475328460025686 11500319475328460025686 No Islamic Azad University Branch of Ilam دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد ایلام M Nikseresht محمود نیک سرشت nikserasht@gmail.com 11500319475328460025687 11500319475328460025687 Yes Islamic Azad University Branch of Ilam دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد ایلام A Taheri Kalani عبدالحسین طاهری کلانی htaheriedu@gmail.com 11500319475328460025688 11500319475328460025688 No Islamic Azad University Branch of Ilam دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد ایلام