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Showing 6 results for Barak
F Barak , E Fallahi , A Hassanzadeh Keshteli , Ar Yazdannik , A Esmaillzadeh ,
Volume 8, Issue 2 (Summer 2013)
Abstract
Background and objective: During the past decades obesity and obesity-related co-morbidities, such as cardiovascular diseases, have become global epidemics with incresing trends. Earlier studies have shown that adherence to the dietary approach to stop hypertension (DASH) diet favorably affects weight control. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between adherence to the DASH diet and obesity among female-nurses in the City of Isfahan, Iran.
Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 420 female-nurses with a mean age of 34 years (SD 0.41) working in the City of Isfahan hospitals, selected by the multistage cluster random sampling method. Adherence to the DASH diet (in the previous year) was assessed using a validated special food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). A DASH score based on 8 food and nutrient components (fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts and legumes, low- fat dairy, red and processed meats, sweetened beverages, and sodium) was calculated. In a DASH diet pattern high intakes of the first five groups and low intakes of meat, sweetened beverages and salt are desirable. First the participants were classified based on quartile categories of their intakes of these components. The scores were then summed up to construct the overall DASH score that ranged from 8 to 32. Data on lifestyle, socioeconomic status and medical information were collected using a questionnaire. To compare general characteristics and the DASH scores across quartiles, we used the 1-way ANOVA and chi-square tests after adjusting for age and energy intake.
Results: Increased adherence to the DASH diet was associated with older age (P<0.01) and lower waist circumference (P=0.04). There was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of general obesity between the extreme quartiles of the DASH diet score. Neither was there any association between the DASH diet and obesity after adjustment for age and energy intake and other confounding factors. However, with further adjustment for dietary factors, those in the upper quartile of DASH score were 71% less likely to suffer from general obesity as compared with those in the lowest quartile (OR: 0.29 95% CI: 0.09-0.97). Finally, consumption of the DASH diet was not significantly associated with central obesity, but after adjustment for age and energy intake, the association became significant (OR: 0.37 95% CI: 0.14-0.96).
Conclusions: It can be concluded that adherence to the DASH diet is associated with a reduced risk of general obesity. This association remains statistically significant even after adjustment for potential confounding factors.
Keywords: DASH diet, Central obesity, Abdominal obesity, Waist circumference, Females
M Najafianzadeh , A Mobarak-Abadi , M Ranjbaran , Mr Nakhaei ,
Volume 9, Issue 4 (Winter 2015)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Prevalence of food insecurity has a different pattern around the world. Recognizing the prevalence of food insecurity and its different related factors can be effective in reducing or controlling its spread via the appropriate policies and programs. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of food insecurity and some related socioeconomic (SES) and demographic factors in the rural households of Arak/Iran in 2014.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 373 rural households of Arak who were selected by multistage random sampling. Tools for data gathering were USDA food security scale and the form of demographic and family economic assets. To determine household economic status, the model of Principal Components Analysis (PCA) was used. Statistical analysis was conducted by SPSS20 and STATA11.
Results: The prevalence of food insecurity without hunger, moderate hunger and extreme hunger was 50.4%, 24.4% and 1.6%, respectively. Sex and age of householder, parental education, number of children, income and household economic status were significantly associated with food insecurity (p<0.05). By controlling the effect of other factors, only household economic status was a significant predictor of food security status so that in the households with low economic status (compared with the high economic status households), the odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals of food insecurity was 3.68 (1.51-8.98).
Conclusion: The prevalence of food insecurity was high in the investigated areas. Considering the relevant factors, preventive and controlling actions of food insecurity and improvement of the quantity and quality of household foods in rural areas, especially in underserved and vulnerable groups are needed.
Keywords: Food insecurity, Rural, Socioeconomic status (SES), Principal component analysis (PCA)
F Shahidi, M Kashef, M Mobaraki,
Volume 11, Issue 2 (Summer 2016)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The results of some studies suggest that garlic and its products at baseline prevent oxidative stress due the incidence of adverse oxidative changes in patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). This study aimed to determine the effect of short-term supplementation of garlic extract on total serum creatine kinase followed by an exhaustive activity in active and inactive girls were doing.
Materials and Methods: The total of 24 female participants were randomly selected (12 active and 12 inactive). Mean age, height, weight, and maximal oxygen consumption of subjects in the active and inactive groups were (22.1±0.63 years, 162±0.05cm, 54.25±7.95kg, and 39.94±8.97ml/kg/min) and (21.8±.98years165±.06cm, 55.73±5.65kg, and 32.42±5.18ml/kg/min), respectively. Both groups completed 14 days of garlic extract supplementation/intake (800 mg per day). Then all the subjects were included in the contract during exhaustive exercise. Initial blood samples were taken at baseline before the start of supplementation; a second blood sample was taken after completion of supplementation; and the third sample was taken after exhaustive activity. Normal data were analyzed with SPSS software (ver. 19) using repeated ANOVA test, Bonferroni test, and t-test at significance level of 5% .
Results: It was revealed that the 14-day consumption of garlic extract on the basis of the study had no significant effect. This extract also failed to increase the damage of creatine kinase after exhaustive activities in the active and passive girls (P<0.05). However, there was a significant difference in increase of enzyme level after exhaustive activity between the active and inactive groups (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The results indicated that creatine kinase levels after exhaustive activity were significantly lower in the active group than in the inactive group; garlic extract plus exercise is recommended.
Keywords: Garlic supplements, Creatine kinas, Active girls, Inactive girls
S Heydari , M Azizzadeh , L Taji, M Bahmannia , J Nasrollahzadeh , E Hejazi, Z Sheikhi Mobarakeh , S Rabiei ,
Volume 16, Issue 3 (Autumn 2021)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Breast cancer is the most common cancer within the Iranian women, which its prevalence and mortality have increased in recent years. Previous studies have shown that various nutrients can affect breast cancer recurrence. The aim of this study was to investigate relationships between fructose, sucrose and soluble and insoluble fibers and serum levels of leptin and neuropeptide Y in breast cancer survivors in Tehran, Iran.
Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 145 female breast cancer survivors (age group of 18–70 years) were selected. General information, physical activity and food intake were assessed using general information questionnaire, MET 14-item questionnaire and food frequency questionnaire, respectively. Blood samples were collected from participants after 12 h of fasting and serum leptin and neuropeptide Y concentrations were assessed using immunoassay.
Results: The highest tertile of leptin was linked to high weight (p = 0.003), body mass index (p = 0.000), waist circumference (p = 0.005), fat mass percentage (p = 0.000) and visceral fat (p = 0.000). In contrast, patients in this tertile included lower height (p = 0.02) and muscle mass (p = 0.008). After modulating effects of confounders, no significant relationships were reported between sucrose, fructose and soluble and insoluble fibers with serum leptin and neuropeptide Y concentrations.
Conclusion: Consumption of sucrose, fructose and soluble and insoluble fibers was not significantly associated to serum levels of leptin and neuropeptide Y in breast cancer survivors.
Z Alboghobeish, Z Nazari, Z Sheikhi Mobarakeh, A Rakhsha, M Houshyari, E Hejazi,
Volume 16, Issue 4 (Winter 2022)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Sleep disruption is a common side effect in breast cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess effects of tahini consumption on sleep quality in breast cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy.
Materials & Methods: Forty-eight women with breast cancer undergoing radiotherapy were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. In the intervention group, daily tahini consumption included 48 g during the radiation therapy course (five weeks). Patients completed Pittsburg sleep quality index questionnaires in the baseline and after the finish of radiotherapy. Chi-square, t-test, Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon and Binary logistic regression analyses were carried out.
Results: Mean (standard deviation) age of the participants was 47.97 y ±10.65. Moreover, 50% of the patients in tahini group and 80.8% of the patients in control group had poor sleep qualities (p = 0/02). Overall, tahini consumption significantly improved the total score of sleep quality, compared to the control group (p = 0/006). Moreover, significant differences were seen between the two groups in most subscales, including subjective sleep quality (p = 0/008), sleep latency (p = 0/01), sleep duration (p = 0/003) and sleep disturbances (p = 0/05). Moreover, the mean changes in the scale of sleep disturbances showed statistically significant differences between the two groups (p = 0.002). The intervention group had lower odds ratios for the subscales of subjective sleep quality (p = 0.01), sleep latency (p = 0.01), sleep duration (p = 0.006), sleep disturbances (p = 0.04) and total score of sleep quality (p = 0.007), compared to the control group.
Conclusion: These results have shown that tahini consumption during radiotherapy increases the quality of sleep in patients with breast cancer.
Z Nazari, Z Alboghobeish, E Hejazi, Z Sheikhi Mobarakeh, A Rakhsha, M Houshyari, Ar Bahrami,
Volume 17, Issue 1 (Spring 2022)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Fatigue and sleep disturbance are side effects of radiation therapy. Grape juice is a traditional product rich in antioxidants and polyphenols that have been shown to include positive effects on improving fatigue and sleep disorders. The aim of this study was to assess effects of grape juice consumption on fatigue and sleep quality in women with breast cancer undergoing radiation therapy.
Materials & Methods: In this controlled clinical trial, 44 women with breast cancer aged 18–70 years were randomly divided into intervention and control groups. The intervention group consumed 100 g of grape juice daily from the beginning of treatment until five weeks and the control group did not consume any medications or placebo. Fatigue scores and sleep quality were assessed and compared between the two groups at the beginning and end of the study using fatigue questionnaires (MFSI-SF) and sleep quality questionnaires (PSQI). study using fatigue and sleep quality questionnaires(MFSI-SF, PSQI ). Data analysis was carried out using paired t-test and independent t-test.
Results: In this study, physical fatigue scales were significantly different between the two groups with the consumption of grape juice (p < 0.05), but the overall fatigue rates were not significant between the two groups (p ≥ 0.05). By examining the scores linked to sleep quality, it was shown that the sleep disorder scale of the intervention group significantly decreased, compared to the control group (p < 0.05). In the overall quality of sleep or PSQI, significant differences were not observed between the two groups (p ≥ 0.05).
Conclusion: Findings of the present study reveal that consumption of grape juice can decrease side effects of radiation therapy (physical fatigue and sleep disorders) in women with breast cancer.
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