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Background and objectives: Lipid abnormalities, especially high serum Lp(a) concentration, is one of the major causes of cardiovascular diseases in peritoneal dialysis patients. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of soy consumption on serum lipid and apoprotein levels in peritoneal dialysis patients. Materials and methods: The study was a randomized clinical trial in which 40 peritoneal dialysis patients (20 males and 20 females) were randomly assigned to either a soy or a control diet. The patients in the soy group received 28 g/d textured soy flour (containing 14 g soy protein) for 12 weeks, while the patients in the control group consumed their usual diet without any soy. At the baseline and at the end of the period, from each patient 5 ml blood were collected after a 12- to 14-hour fast and serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, apoAI, apoB100, Lp(a), TNF-α, albumin, and phosphorus measured. Results: The serum Lp(a) concentration in more than 86% of the peritoneal dialysis patients was above the normal range. As compared to the baseline value, the mean serum Lp(a) concentration decreased significantly by 41% (P<0.01) in the soy group at the end of 8-week period, and the reduction was significant as compared to the control group (P<0.05). The mean serum Lp(a) concentration did not change significantly in the control group. There were no significant differences between the 2 groups with regard to mean changes in the serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, apoB100, apoAI, TNF-α, albumin or phosphorus levels. Conclusion: The results of the present study indicate that soy consumption reduces serum Lp(a) concentration considerably in peritoneal dialysis patients. Therefore, it may be effective in preventing cardiovascular diseases in these patients.

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Background and Objective: Substituting dietary saturated fatty acid (SFA) with monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), especially omega-3 fatty acids, both found in canola oil, can reduce the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases, particularly in postmenopausal women. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of canola oil with sunflower oil on blood pressure, lipid profile, apoproteins, lipoprotein(a), total antioxidant capacity, and CRP in hyperlipidemic postmenopausal women. Materials and Methods: We performed a double-blind randomized clinical trial on 44 hyperlipidemic postmenopausal women randomly divided into two groups receiving, daily for 8 weeks, either 30gr of canola oil or 30gr of sunflower oil. Blood samples were collected at baseline and after intervention and analyzed for serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), LDL-c, HDL-c, lipoprotein a [Lp(a)], apoproteinB (APOB) , apoprotein A-I[APOA-I] ، CRP, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were also measured and compared between the 2 groups at baseline and after intervention. Results: There was a statistically significant decrease in diastolic pressure in the canola group , as compared to sunflower group, at the end of the period. The treatment also brought about a significant increase in HDL-c and significant decreases in the systolic blood pressure and TG/HDL-c in the canola group, whereas in the sunflower group mean serum LDL-c, TAC, and ApoB decreased significantly. The levels of ApoA-I, TC/HDL-c, and LDL-c/HDL-c decreased significantly in both groups. Further analysis of the data showed that there were no significant differences in Lp(a), CRP, and TAC between the two groups at the end of study. Conclusion: As compared to sunflower oil, canola oil has more desirable effects on diastolic blood pressure in hyperlipidemic postmenopausal women. Keywords: Canola oil, Sunflower oil, Apoproteins, Lipoprotein(a), Total antioxidant capacity, CRP