---

Background and Objective: Obesity is a chronic disease and the most common disorder of fat metabolism. Obesity in children and the trend in recent decades has become a concern. Today's TV has a big part in the lives of children around the world. Children often do not move and exercise while watching TV. This study aimed at the examinating the relationship between obesity and television watching hours in primary school children (both girls and boys. Materials and Methods: In this cross - sectional, watching TV and BMI of 552 elementary school students in 8 districts from 22 Districts of Tehran (random sampling were measured. Student’s BMI were calculated based on WHO BMI chart. The data were processed by software spss/ver16. Results: Among the 500 samples, 5.7% of girls underweight, 67.2% normal weight, 14.6% overweight and 12.5% obese. Among boys, 4.3% underweight, 59.6% normal weight, 12. 2% overweight and 23. 9% obese. There was a pnificant relationship between BMI and watching TV hours(p=0. 002، Pnificant relationship between hours of television viewing by parents and students(p= 000 ,also Between economic status and hours of television watching by children. the relations between Hours of television viewing and gender, family, and physical activity was not statistically pnificant Conclusion: Because the relationship between BMI and time of television viewing by students and also the relationship of parents watching hours of television with watching hours of children are pnificant. In this subject, increasing family awareness may reduce the obesity and its complications Keywords: Television, Obesity, Student

---

Background and Objectives: TV commercials are mentioned as factors influencing food choice of children. In the current study content of food commercial messages during children's program in two TV channels of Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (I.R.I.B.) were analyzed. At the same time, any relationship between recalling food commercial messages with an interest in consumption of the same food products was investigated by an experimental study with primary school children, as well.
 Materials & Methods: The study was conducted in two phases simultaneously. In the first part 73.5 and 35 hours of TV children's program of channels II and Education were recorded for a week (May 6^th to 12^th, 2015), respectively. Then the content of recorded commercial messages was analyzed based on a predetermined procedure. In the second part, 403 students (50% girls ) in grades fourth, fifth and sixth from four state primary school in Shirvan took part in a cross-sectional study and answered to the questions including duration of TV viewing, names of remembered TV food commercials, definition of desired TV food commercials and whether they like to consume the related food products via a self-administered questionnaire.
Results: Part I: TV food commercial messages in view of frequency and duration ranked the fifth and the sixth, respectively. Snacks (fruit leather and plum paste) were the most frequent (75%) broadcast commercials. "Superiority over other food products" (47.4%) was the most frequent message used to promote sale of a food product. "High quality / accuracy in the preparation" (28.3%), "novelty" (21%) and "stimulating thirst and hunger" (15%) were the most frequent appeals of food commercials for stimulation of the audience for purchasing, respectively. Part II: More than half (62.5%) of the recalled food commercials were desired by the students (P <0.05). The relationship between remembering a food commercials with the consumption of the same food product (12.5% of total) were significant (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Despite the dramatic decline in television food commercials compared to previous studies, the nutritional value of food commercials was still low. In addition, in some cases there was a significant relationship between remembering commercial message with interest in or consumption of the same food products. This study provides policy makers and officials with evidence to make effective decisions on food commercials directed at children.