1. Van der Mei I, Simpson S, Stankovich J, Taylor B. Individual and joint action of environmental factors and risk of MS. Neurologic clinics. 2011;29(2):233-55. [DOI:10.1016/j.ncl.2010.12.007]

2. Lassmann H, Brück W, Lucchinetti CF. The immunopathology of multiple sclerosis: an overview. Brain pathology. 2007;17(2):210-8. [DOI:10.1111/j.1750-3639.2007.00064.x]

3. Shaygannejad V, Janghorbani M, Ashtari F, Dehghan H. Effects of adjunct low-dose vitamin d on relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis progression: preliminary findings of a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Multiple sclerosis international. 2012;2012. [DOI:10.1155/2012/452541]

4. Mirmosayyeb O, Shaygannejad V, Bagherieh S, Hosseinabadi AM, Ghajarzadeh M. Prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS) in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurological Sciences. 2021:1-9. [DOI:10.1101/2021.06.07.21258473]

5. Jelinek GA, De Livera AM, Marck CH, Brown CR, Neate SL, Taylor KL, et al. Lifestyle, medication and socio-demographic determinants of mental and physical health-related quality of life in people with multiple sclerosis. BMC neurology. 2016;16(1):1-9. [DOI:10.1186/s12883-016-0763-4]

6. Ascherio A, Munger KL. Environmental risk factors for multiple sclerosis. Part II: Noninfectious factors. Annals of Neurology: Official Journal of the American Neurological Association and the Child Neurology Society. 2007;61(6):504-13. [DOI:10.1002/ana.21141]

7. Bitarafan S, Harirchian M-H, Nafissi S, Sahraian M-A, Togha M, Siassi F, et al. Dietary intake of nutrients and its correlation with fatigue in multiple sclerosis patients. Iranian journal of neurology. 2014;13(1):28.

8. Bagheri M, Maghsoudi Z, Fayazi S, Elahi N, Tabesh H, Majdinasab N. Several food items and multiple sclerosis: A case-control study in Ahvaz (Iran). Iranian journal of nursing and midwifery research. 2014;19(6):659. [DOI:10.17795/jjhr-26417]

9. Duan S, Lv Z, Fan X, Wang L, Han F, Wang H, et al. Vitamin D status and the risk of multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neuroscience letters. 2014;570:108-13. [DOI:10.1016/j.neulet.2014.04.021]

10. Maker-Clark G, Patel S. Integrative therapies for multiple sclerosis. Disease-a-Month. 2013;59(8):290-301. [DOI:10.1016/j.disamonth.2013.03.017]

11. Weinstock-Guttman B, Baier M, Park Y, Feichter J, Lee-Kwen P, Gallagher E, et al. Low fat dietary intervention with ω-3 fatty acid supplementation in multiple sclerosis patients. Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids. 2005;73(5):397-404. [DOI:10.1016/j.plefa.2005.05.024]

12. Bitarafan S, Saboor-Yaraghi A, Sahraian M-A, Soltani D, Nafissi S, Togha M, et al. Effect of vitamin A supplementation on fatigue and depression in multiple sclerosis patients: a double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology. 2016:13-9.

13. Balto JM, Ensari I, Hubbard EA, Khan N, Barnes JL, Motl RW. Co-occurring risk factors in multiple sclerosis. American journal of health behavior. 2017;41(1):76-83. [DOI:10.5993/AJHB.41.1.8]

14. WH O. Multiple Sclerosis International Federation, Atlas of Multiple Sclerosis 2015 [

15. Ghadirian P, Jain M, Ducic S, Shatenstein B, Morisset R. Nutritional factors in the aetiology of multiple sclerosis: a case-control study in Montreal, Canada. International journal of epidemiology. 1998;27(5):845-52. [DOI:10.1093/ije/27.5.845]

16. Pekmezovic TD, Tepavcevic DBK, Mesaros ST, Basuroski IBD, Stojsavljevic NS, Drulovic JS. Food and dietary patterns and multiple sclerosis: a case-control study in Belgrade (Serbia). Italian Journal of Public Health. 2012;6(1).

17. Langer-Gould A, Black LJ, Waubant E, Smith JB, Wu J, Gonzales EG, et al. Seafood, fatty acid biosynthesis genes, and multiple sclerosis susceptibility. Multiple Sclerosis Journal. 2020;26(12):1476-85. [DOI:10.1177/1352458519872652]

18. Bäärnhielm M, Olsson T, Alfredsson L. Fatty fish intake is associated with decreased occurrence of multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis Journal. 2014;20(6):726-32. [DOI:10.1177/1352458513509508]

19. Howe P, Meyer B. Record, S. andBaghurst, K. Dietary intake of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: contribution of meat sources Nutrition. 2006;22:47-53. [DOI:10.1016/j.nut.2005.05.009]

20. Ponnampalam EN, Mann NJ, Sinclair AJ. Effect of feeding systems on omega-3 fatty acids, conjugated linoleic acid and trans fatty acids in Australian beef cuts: potential impact on human health. Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition. 2006;15(1):21.

21. Hoare S, Lithander F, Van Der Mei I, Ponsonby A-L, Lucas R, Group AI. Higher intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids is associated with a decreased risk of a first clinical diagnosis of central nervous system demyelination: Results from the Ausimmune Study. Multiple Sclerosis Journal. 2016;22(7):884-92. [DOI:10.1177/1352458515604380]

22. Lucas R, Ponsonby A-L, Dear K, Valery P, Pender M, Taylor B, et al. Sun exposure and vitamin D are independent risk factors for CNS demyelination. Neurology. 2011;76(6):540-8. [DOI:10.1212/WNL.0b013e31820af93d]

23. Bingham SA, Hughes R, Cross AJ. Effect of white versus red meat on endogenous N-nitrosation in the human colon and further evidence of a dose response. The Journal of nutrition. 2002;132(11):3522S-5S. [DOI:10.1093/jn/132.11.3522S]

24. Zhang SM, Willett WC, Hernán MA, Olek MJ, Ascherio A. Dietary fat in relation to risk of multiple sclerosis among two large cohorts of women. American journal of epidemiology. 2000;152(11):1056-64. [DOI:10.1093/aje/152.11.1056]

25. Black LJ, Bowe GS, Pereira G, Lucas RM, Dear K, van der Mei I, et al. Non-processed red meat consumption is associated with a reduced risk of central nervous system demyelination. Frontiers in neurology. 2019;10:125. [DOI:10.3389/fneur.2019.00125]

26. Lauer K. Notes on the epidemiology of multiple sclerosis, with special reference to dietary habits. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2014;15(3):3533-45. [DOI:10.3390/ijms15033533]

27. Kampman M, Wilsgaard T, Mellgren S. Outdoor activities and diet in childhood and adolescence relate to MS risk above the Arctic Circle. Journal of neurology. 2007;254(4):471-7. [DOI:10.1007/s00415-006-0395-5]

28. Pekmezovic TD, Tepavcevic DBK, Mesaros ST, Basuroski IBD, Stojsavljevic NS, Drulovic JS. Food and dietary patterns and multiple sclerosis: a case-control study in Belgrade (Serbia). Italian Journal of Public Health. 2009;6(1).

29. Sedaghat F, Jessri M, Behrooz M, Mirghotbi M, Rashidkhani B. Mediterranean diet adherence and risk of multiple sclerosis: a case-control study. Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition. 2016;25(2):377-84.

30. Gould AL, Black L, Smith J, Gonzales E, Lucas R, editors. Fresh fish consumption is associated with a lower risk of multiple sclerosis independent of serum 25OHD levels. MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS JOURNAL; 2017: SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND.

31. Black LJ, Baker K, Ponsonby A-L, Van Der Mei I, Lucas RM, Pereira G. A higher Mediterranean diet score, including unprocessed red meat, is associated with reduced risk of central nervous system demyelination in a case-control study of Australian adults. The Journal of nutrition. 2019;149(8):1385-92. [DOI:10.1093/jn/nxz089]

32. Black LJ, Zhao Y, Peng YC, Sherriff JL, Lucas RM, van der Mei I, et al. Higher fish consumption and lower risk of central nervous system demyelination. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2019:1-7. [DOI:10.1038/s41430-019-0476-z]