|
Investigating the effect of Probiotic Lactobacillus Rhamnosus GG and High-intensity Interval Training on Apelin Gene Expression and APJ Receptor in Heart Tissues of Male Rats with Fatty Liver Disease
|
S Shahmohammadi *    , F Ghazalian , G Shirvani , H Abednatanzi |
| Department of Physical education, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University , Tehran, Iran , dr.saeed.shahmohammadi.pv@gmail.com |
|
|
Abstract: (161 Views) |
Background and Objectives: Occurrence of fatty liver disease-known as steatotic liver disease-is increasing, which is associated to cardiovascular diseases. One of the signaling pathways of this disease is APELIN/APJ. Of the treatment methods for fatty liver, modification of lifestyle through exercises and the use of probiotic supplements can be stated.
Materials & Methods: In this experimental study, 40 male rats with an average weight of 200–250 g were randomly divided into five groups of eight rats, including healthy control, steatosis, exercise and steatosis, probiotic and steatosis and exercise, probiotic and steatosis. To induce steatosis in rats, 10 mg/kg of high-fat emulsion were daily administrated to the rats using nasogastric or NG tubes. The steatosis groups received 109 CFU/ml Lactobacillus rhamnosus daily for 5 w (5 d/w) using NG tubes. In addition, the exercise groups did high-intensity interval trainings for 5 w. Data analysis was carried out at p ≤ 0.05 using SPSS v.28 and by parametric one-way ANOVA, Bonferroni post-hoc test, non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test and Bonferroni Correction method.
Results: The expression of Apelin (p = 0.016) and APJ (p = 0.001) genes was decreased in the steatosis, exercise and probiotic group, which could affect exercises and use of probiotic supplements.
Conclusion: Receiving probiotics with high-intensity interval trainings can prevent expression of the APELIN/APJ pathway in rats. |
|
| Keywords: Lactobacillus GG, Exercise, Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, Probiotics, Gene |
|
|
Full-Text [PDF 737 kb]
(30 Downloads)
|
Article type: Research |
Subject:
nutrition
Received: 2024/05/24 | Accepted: 2024/11/30 | Published: 2025/04/20
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| References |
1. Romero-Gómez M, Zelber-Sagi S, Trenell M. Treatment of NAFLD with diet, physical activity and exercise. Journal of hepatology. 2017 Oct 1;67(4):829-46. [ DOI:10.1016/j.jhep.2017.05.016] 2. Kim CH, Younossi ZM. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a manifestation of the metabolic syndrome. Cleve Clin J Med. 2008 Oct 1;75(10):721-8. [ DOI:10.3949/ccjm.75.10.721] 3. Stahl EP, Dhindsa DS, Lee SK, Sandesara PB, Chalasani NP, Sperling LS. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and the heart: JACC state-of-the-art review. Journal of the American college of cardiology. 2019 Mar 5;73(8):948-63. [ DOI:10.1016/j.jacc.2018.11.050] 4. Alastalo TP, Li M, de Jesus Perez V, Pham D, Sawada H, Wang JK, Koskenvuo M, Wang L, Freeman BA, Chang HY, Rabinovitch M. Disruption of PPARγ/β-catenin-mediated regulation of apelin impairs BMP-induced mouse and human pulmonary arterial EC survival. The Journal of clinical investigation. 2011 Aug 8;121(9). [ DOI:10.1172/JCI43382] 5. Sans-Rosello J, Casals G, Rossello X, de la Presa BG, Vila M, Duran-Cambra A, Morales-Ruiz M, Ferrero-Gregori A, Jimenez W, Sionis A. Prognostic value of plasma apelin concentrations at admission in patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction. Clinical biochemistry. 2017 Apr 1;50(6):279-84. [ DOI:10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2016.11.018] 6. Yang P, Maguire JJ, Davenport AP. Apelin, Elabela/Toddler, and biased agonists as novel therapeutic agents in the cardiovascular system. Trends in pharmacological sciences. 2015 Sep 1;36(9):560-7. [ DOI:10.1016/j.tips.2015.06.002] 7. Siddiquee K, Hampton J, Khan S, Zadory D, Gleaves L, Vaughan DE, Smith LH. Apelin protects against angiotensin II-induced cardiovascular fibrosis and decreases plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 production. Journal of hypertension. 2011 Apr 1;29(4):724-31. [ DOI:10.1097/HJH.0b013e32834347de] 8. Mohamad Nor MH, Ayob N, Mokhtar NM, Raja Ali RA, Tan GC, Wong Z, Shafiee NH, Wong YP, Mustangin M, Nawawi KN. The effect of probiotics (MCP® BCMC® strains) on hepatic steatosis, small intestinal mucosal immune function, and intestinal barrier in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Nutrients. 2021 Sep 14;13(9):3192. [ DOI:10.3390/nu13093192] 9. Azad MA, Sarker M, Li T, Yin J. Probiotic species in the modulation of gut microbiota: an overview. BioMed research international. 2018;2018(1):9478630. [ DOI:10.1155/2018/9478630] 10. Viana RB, de Lira CA, Naves JP, Coswig VS, Del Vecchio FB, Ramirez-Campillo R, Vieira CA, Gentil P. Can we draw general conclusions from interval training studies?. Sports Medicine. 2018 Sep;48:2001-9. [ DOI:10.1007/s40279-018-0925-1] 11. Krasnoff JB, Painter PL, Wallace JP, Bass NM, Merriman RB. Health‐related fitness and physical activity in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology. 2008 Apr;47(4):1158-66. [ DOI:10.1002/hep.22137] 12. Denou E, Marcinko K, Surette MG, Steinberg GR, Schertzer JD. High-intensity exercise training increases the diversity and metabolic capacity of the mouse distal gut microbiota during diet-induced obesity. American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2016 Jun 1;310(11):E982-93. [ DOI:10.1152/ajpendo.00537.2015] 13. Paik JM, Henry L, De Avila L, Younossi E, Racila A, Younossi ZM. Mortality related to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is increasing in the United States. Hepatology Communications. 2019 Nov;3(11):1459-71. [ DOI:10.1002/hep4.1419] 14. Markus MR, Meffert PJ, Baumeister SE, Lieb W, Siewert U, Schipf S, Koch M, Kors JA, Felix SB, Dörr M, Targher G. Association between hepatic steatosis and serum liver enzyme levels with atrial fibrillation in the general population: The Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP). Atherosclerosis. 2016 Feb 1;245:123-31. [ DOI:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.12.023] 15. Zou Y, Li J, Lu C, Wang J, Ge J, Huang Y, Zhang L, Wang Y. High-fat emulsion-induced rat model of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Life sciences. 2006 Aug 8;79(11):1100-7. [ DOI:10.1016/j.lfs.2006.03.021] 16. Wang Y, Kirpich I, Liu Y, Ma Z, Barve S, McClain CJ, Feng W. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG treatment potentiates intestinal hypoxia-inducible factor, promotes intestinal integrity and ameliorates alcohol-induced liver injury. The American journal of pathology. 2011 Dec 1;179(6):2866-75. [ DOI:10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.08.039] 17. Kalaki-Jouybari F, Shanaki M, Delfan M, Gorgani-Firouzjae S, Khakdan S. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) alleviated NAFLD feature via miR-122 induction in liver of high-fat high-fructose diet induced diabetic rats. Archives of physiology and biochemistry. 2020 May 26;126(3):242-9. [ DOI:10.1080/13813455.2018.1510968] 18. Wang G, Jiao T, Xu Y, Li D, Si Q, Hao J, Zhao J, Zhang H, Chen W. Bifidobacterium adolescentis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus alleviate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease induced by a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet through modulation of different gut microbiota-dependent pathways. Food & function. 2020;11(7):6115-27. [ DOI:10.1039/C9FO02905B] 19. Ason B, Chen Y, Guo Q, Hoagland KM, Chui RW, Fielden M, Sutherland W, Chen R, Zhang Y, Mihardja S, Ma X. Cardiovascular response to small-molecule APJ activation. JCI insight. 2020 Apr 23;5(8):e132898. [ DOI:10.1172/jci.insight.132898] 20. Sato K, Marzioni M, Meng F, Francis H, Glaser S, Alpini G. Ductular reaction in liver diseases: pathological mechanisms and translational significances. Hepatology. 2019 Jan;69(1):420-30. [ DOI:10.1002/hep.30150] 21. Li B, Yin J, Chang J, Zhang J, Wang Y, Huang H, Wang W, Zeng X. Apelin/APJ relieve diabetic cardiomyopathy by reducing microvascular dysfunction. Journal of Endocrinology. 2021 Apr 1;249(1):1-8. [ DOI:10.1530/JOE-20-0398] 22. Aghaei, Sarhad, Behpour, Hosseinpour Delavar, Safikhani, Jalilvand. Interactive effect of aerobic exercise and L-carnitine supplementation on cardiac tissue apelin and insulin resistance in diabetic rats. Journal of Isfahan Medical School. 2019 Dec 22;37(549):1206-12. In Persian 23. Vallianou N, Stratigou T, Christodoulatos GS, Dalamaga M. Understanding the role of the gut microbiome and microbial metabolites in obesity and obesity-associated metabolic disorders: current evidence and perspectives. Current obesity reports. 2019 Sep 15;8:317-32. [ DOI:10.1007/s13679-019-00352-2] 24. Arellano-García L, Trepiana J, Martínez JA, Portillo MP, Milton-Laskibar I. Beneficial effects of viable and heat-inactivated Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG administration on oxidative stress and inflammation in diet-induced NAFLD in rats. Antioxidants. 2023 Mar 14;12(3):717. [ DOI:10.3390/antiox12030717] 25. Savcheniuk O, Kobyliak N, Kondro M, Virchenko O, Falalyeyeva T, Beregova T. Short-term periodic consumption of multiprobiotic from childhood improves insulin sensitivity, prevents development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and adiposity in adult rats with glutamate-induced obesity. BMC complementary and alternative medicine. 2014 Dec;14:1-7. [ DOI:10.1186/1472-6882-14-247] 26. Ashley E, Chun HJ, Quertermous T. Opposing cardiovascular roles for the angiotensin and apelin signaling pathways. Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology. 2006 Sep 26;41(5):778-81. [ DOI:10.1016/j.yjmcc.2006.08.013] 27. Gurzu B, Cristian Petrescu B, Costuleanu M, Petrescu G. Interactions between apelin and angiotensin II on rat portal vein. Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System. 2006 Dec;7(4):212-6. [ DOI:10.3317/jraas.2006.040] 28. Barnes GD, Alam S, Carter G, Pedersen CM, Lee KM, Hubbard TJ, Veitch S, Jeong H, White A, Cruden NL, Huson L. Sustained cardiovascular actions of APJ agonism during renin-angiotensin system activation and in patients with heart failure. Circulation: Heart Failure. 2013 May;6(3):482-91. [ DOI:10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.111.000077] 29. O'Carroll AM, Don AL, Lolait SJ. APJ receptor mRNA expression in the rat hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus: regulation by stress and glucocorticoids. Journal of neuroendocrinology. 2003 Nov;15(11):1095-101. [ DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2826.2003.01102.x] 30. Zhong JC, Zhang ZZ, Wang W, McKinnie SM, Vederas JC, Oudit GY. Targeting the apelin pathway as a novel therapeutic approach for cardiovascular diseases. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Molecular Basis of Disease. 2017 Aug 1;1863(8):1942-50. [ DOI:10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.11.007] 31. Stephan R. TGF-1 and angiotensin networking in cardiac remodeling. Cardio-vasc Res. 2007;63(3):423-32. [ DOI:10.1016/j.cardiores.2004.04.030] 32. Mughal A, O'Rourke ST. Vascular effects of apelin: Mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Pharmacology & therapeutics. 2018 Oct 1;190:139-47. [ DOI:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.05.013] 33. Houttu V, Boulund U, Grefhorst A, Soeters MR, Pinto-Sietsma SJ, Nieuwdorp M, Holleboom AG. The role of the gut microbiome and exercise in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Therapeutic advances in gastroenterology. 2020 Sep;13:1756284820941745. [ DOI:10.1177/1756284820941745] |
|
| Send email to the article author |
|
|
|
| Add your comments about this article |
|
|
|
|
Shahmohammadi S, Ghazalian F, Shirvani G, Abednatanzi H. Investigating the effect of Probiotic Lactobacillus Rhamnosus GG and High-intensity Interval Training on Apelin Gene Expression and APJ Receptor in Heart Tissues of Male Rats with Fatty Liver Disease. Iranian J Nutr Sci Food Technol 2025; 20 (1) :33-43 URL: http://nsft.sbmu.ac.ir/article-1-3868-en.html
|
