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The effects of omega-3 fatty acids plus vitamin E and vitamin C plus zinc supplementations on glycemic control in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes
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MR Mahmoodi   , M Hedayati , Y Mehrabi , A Rajab , M Kimiagar * |
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Abstract: (19726 Views) |
| Background and objectives: Outcomes of diabetes mellitus play an essential role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and its complications. Persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus have lower plasma vitamins E and C levels. Lower levels of these vitamins may increase the risk of oxidative stress. In this study we assessed the effects of omega-3 fatty acids plus vitamin E and vitamin C plus zinc supplementations on glycemic control in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes, compared with a control group.
Materials and methods: In this 12-week double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial, 75 postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes from among those consulting the Iranian Diabetes Association, Tehran, participated. The subjects were randomly assigned to one of three groups, to take, daily for 12 weeks, 1.8 g omega-3 fatty acids plus 400 mg vitamin E (group 1), 5 mg zinc plus 300 mg vitamin C (group 2), or a placebo (group 3). Analysis of variance and repeated measure analysis of variance were used for inter-group comparisons and the changes in the three groups and adjustment of the other variables, respectively.
Results: At baseline, there were no significant differences in glycemic parameters among the three groups. Changes in HOMA-IR in group 1 were significantly higher than those in group 2 and the placebo group (-0.9±0.6 vs. 0.9±0.5 and 0.4±0.4, respectively) (p=0.012). After intervention, changes in fasting plasma insulin (-1.6±1.3 vs. 0.6±0.8 and 1.6±0.7 mU/l, respectively) (p=0.038) were higher in group 1, while they were lower in the other 2 groups. The supplementation caused a significant decrease in the mean changes in fasting plasma glucose in group 1 and a significant increase in group 2 (-11.1±14.1 vs. 27.9±10.9 mg/dl, respectively)(p= 0.039).
Conclusion: Simultaneous reductions in HOMA-IR and plasma insulin as the most important cardiovascular risk factors in group 1 taking daily 1.8 g omega-3 fatty acids plus 400 mg vitamin E is encouraging, because it can have practical clinical implications. Duration of diabetes may have influenced effectiveness of the treatments. |
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| Keywords: Supplementation, Glycemic control, Postmenopausal women, Type 2 diabetes |
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Full-Text [PDF 294 kb]
(6008 Downloads)
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Article type: Research |
Subject:
Food Science
Received: 2010/01/11 | Published: 2010/01/15
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