Background and Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids from food groups and risk of metabolic syndrome in Tehrani adults.
Materials and Methods: This study is a population-based cross-sectional study on 6412 adults (≥ 19 years) and performed in the framework of Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. Nutritional information was collected using a food frequency questionnaire. Fasting blood glucose, blood pressure, cholesterol, triglyceride and HDL levels were measured. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to Adult Treatment Panel III criteria.
Results: The results showed that men and women in the top quartile SFA intake were significantly associated with metabolic syndrome (P<0.05). The inverse relationship between the intake of MUFA and PUFA (n-6) with metabolic syndrome was observed (P <0.05). Men who consumed PUFA (n-3) in the second quarter and the fourth was inversely associated with metabolic syndrome (P=0.03). While no significant association between quartiles of intake of PUFA (n-3) and metabolic syndrome was seen in women (P = 0.34). People in the third quarter were receiving SFA red meat, showed a significant correlation with metabolic syndrome (P <0.05). .A direct association between the third and fourth quartiles of saturated fatty acid intake from hydrogenated fats from the animal group was observed with metabolic syndrome
(P = 0.02).
Conclusion: Based on the present study, there may be an inverse relationship between saturated fatty acids of different groups of food with metabolic syndrome. The inverse association of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids of different groups of food with metabolic syndrome were also observed.