Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences & Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences & Vice-Dean for International Affairs, School of Nutritional Sciences & Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , seyyedrezasobhani@gmail.com
Abstract: (11 Views)
Background and Objectives: Institutional food systems contribute substantially to resource consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, and food-related expenditures. This study aimed to redesign institutional food menus by integrating nutritional, economic, and environmental indicators within a sustainable diet framework.
Materials and Methods: Data on food menus served at Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad, Iran, were collected. Nutritional quality was assessed using the Nutrient-Rich Food (NRF) index, while environmental indicators included water and carbon footprints. Linear programming and goal programming optimization models were applied to develop and compare four menu redesign scenarios.
Results: The selected optimization model simultaneously reduced menu costs and water footprint by 42% and carbon footprint by 36%, while increasing the NRF index by approximately 10%. In addition, the optimized menus maintained dietary diversity and achieved macronutrient distributions within recommended ranges.
Conclusion: Integrating nutritional, economic, and environmental indicators into institutional menu planning represents a practical approach for advancing sustainable food policies in public settings. The findings highlight the need for evidence-based national guidelines to support the implementation of sustainable food menus in organizational food systems..